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Faculty of engineering and natural sciences, University of Zenica , Zenica , Bosnia and Herzegovina
Faculty of engineering and natural sciences, University of Zenica , Zenica , Bosnia and Herzegovina
Faculty of engineering and natural sciences, University of Zenica , Zenica , Bosnia and Herzegovina
Faculty of engineering and natural sciences, University of Zenica , Zenica , Bosnia and Herzegovina
Because of the oil shortage and the growing increasing environmental burdens-emission from motor vehicles, the idea of the biofuels application has been actualized. The European Union directive 2003/30/EC obliged Member States that until 31 December 2005, they must provide at least 2% share of biofuels and other renewable fuels in the total amount of fuel for transport and 5.75% until 31 December 2010, and the EU as a target by 2020, has a tendency to increase the share of biofuels to as much as 20% of fuels used for transportation purposes. Chemical modification or the transesterification of vegetable oils and animal fats obtained less viscous fuel named biodiesel. In this process, an ester bond in triglycerides is hydrolyzed to form free fatty acids, that in the reaction with methanol or ethanol form the methyl or ethyl ester. With this process is made less viscous and more volatile fuel. A secondary product of this process is glycerine. Because of these esters and rapeseed oil, biodiesel is commonly referred to as rapeseed oil methyl ester (MERU). Biodiesel has been synthesized in the chemical laboratory of Metallurgy Institute "Kemal Kapetanovic" in Zenica, and its subsequent analysis showed that syntheside biodiesel is compatible with standard EN 14214, which suggests that the synthesis of biodiesel in terms of mass production is a convenient and easy process.
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